RIP protocol
configuration command directory
Use command “auto-summary” to enable automatic route summary
function. Command “no auto-summary” is used to disable automatic route
summary function.
auto-summary
no
auto-summary
none
Valid. The default state is using
automatic route summary function.
route
configuration state
Explanation:
Route
summary reduces the volume of routing information in routing list and the
volume of exchange information. RIP-1 doesn’t support sub-network mask.
Redistributing sub-network routing may cause misunderstanding. RIP-1 always
switches on route summary function. When using RIP-2, route summary function
can be switched off by command “no
auto-summary”. When
you want to broadcast sub-network route, you can disable route summary
function.
Set version of RIP on interface Serial1/0 as RIP-2 and
disable route summary function:
router
rip
version 2
no auto-summary
default-information
originate
Use command “default-information originate” to generate a
default route. Use command “no default-information originate” to disable
this function.
default-information
originate
no
default-information originate
none
Default state is switching off this function.
Command
mode:
route configuration state
Explanation:
After command “default-information
originate” is enabled, 0.0.0.0/0 route information will be taken together
when route update is transmitted.
A default route (0.0.0.0/0)
is carried when route update information is transmitted.
router rip
version 2
network 172.68.16.0
default-information originate
Set default routing
cost for introducing route. Command “no default-metric” reset default
setting.
default-metric number
no
default-metric
number |
Metric to be set. Value ranges from 1 to 16. |
Apply relevant route cost auto-conversion for each routing
protocol.
route configuration state
Command “default-metric” is used to set the default route cost
that is used when routes of other routing protocol is introduced into RIP
massage.
If no specific route cost is designated, the default route cost designated by
command “default-metric” will be based to introduce routes of other
protocol by using command “redistribute”.
In the following
example, routers of RIP and OSPF routing protocol are
used in autonomous system 119. RIP is used to announce routers from OSPF and
designate Metric 8 to RIP route.
router
rip
default-metric 8
redistribute ospf 119
redistribute
default-information
originate
Use interface
configuration command “ip rip
authentication” to designate authentication type for RIP-2 package. Command “no ip rip authentication” doesn’t make authentication on packet.
ip rip
authentication {simple | message-digest}
no ip
rip authentication
simple |
Plain Text authentication type |
message-digest |
MD5 Cipher Text authentication
type |
Doesn’t authenticate
interface
configuration state
RIP-1
doesn’t support authentication.
In this example, MD5 Cipher Text authentication type is used to
configure the interface.
ip rip
authentication message-digest
Use interface configuration command “ip rip message-digest-key” to active the authentication on RIP-2 package and designate the secret key link of MD5 Cipher Text authentication used on this interface. Command “no ip rip message-digest-key” is used to prevent authentication.
ip rip
message-digest-key key-id md5 password
no ip
rip message-digest-key [key-id]
key-id |
An identifier |
password |
Designated secret key |
MD5 authentication is invalid.
Interface configuration state
No authentication will be executed on
interface if no secret key is configured by using “ip rip
message-digest-key key-id md5 password”.
In this example, configuration interface
can receive and send MD5 Cipher Text authentication massage belonging to secret key
mykey.
ip rip
message-digest-key 4 md5 mykey
Use configuration command “ip rip
passive” to
disable sending route update. Use configuration command “no ip rip passive” to
enable sending route update again.
ip rip passive
no ip rip passive
none
Send route update on
the interface.
Interface configuration state
In you disable sending
route update on a interface, a certain sub network will continue to announce to
other interfaces. Route update reached this interface from other router will be
received and processed continuously.
In the following example, RIP
massage update will be sent to all interfaces (excluding Ethernet interface
1/0) belonging to 172.16.0.0.
interface
ethernet 1/0
ip address 172.15.0.1 255.255.0.0
ip rip passive
router
rip
network 172.16.0.0
none
Use interface
configuration command “ip rip password” to enable the
certification on RIP-2 package and
designate Plain Text certification secret key used on this interface. “no ip rip
password” can be used to prevent from certification.
ip rip
password password
no ip
rip pssword [password]
password |
Designate secret key |
No authentication.
interface configuration state
If no secret key is
configured by using “ip rip password”, no authentication will be executed on
the interface.
In this example, configuration
interface can receive and send any Plain Text certification massage belonging
to secret key mykey.
ip rip password
mykey
Use interface
configuration command designate the version of the RIP package that is permitted
to be received by the interface. Use “no ip rip receive version” to follow the
global version agreement.
ip rip
receive version [1] [2]
no ip
rip receive version
1 |
(Alternative) Interface is only permitted to receive RIP package of Version 1. |
2 |
(Alternative) Interface is only permitted to receive RIP package of Version 2. |
Receive the grouping
of RIP-1 and RIP-2.
interface configuration state
Use this command to cover
default action of RIP designated by version. This command can only be used on
the interface that is being configured. Interface can be configured to be able
to accept RIP package of version 1 and 2.
In the next example, the
interface is configured to be able to accept RIP package of version 1 and 2:
ip rip
receive version 1 2
In the next example,
the interface is configured to only accept RIP package of version 1:
ip rip
receive version 1
Use interface configuration
command “ip rip send version” to designate the version
of which the RIP package is permitted to send on the interface. Use “no ip
rip send version” to follow global version agreement.
ip rip
send version [ 1 | 2 | compatibility ]
no ip
rip send version
1 |
(Alterative) Only RIP package of version 1 is permitted to be sent by the interface. |
2 |
(Alterative) Only RIP package of version 2 is permitted to be sent by the interface. |
compatibility |
(Alterative)Only RIP package of version 2 is permitted to be broadcasted by the interface. |
Send only grouping of
RIP-1.
interface configuration state
Use this command to cover the
default
action of RIP designated by version. This command can only be used for the
interface being configured. The interface can be configured to send version 1
or 2.
In the following
example, configuration interface can send RIP package of version 1:
ip rip
send version 1
In the following
example, configuration interface can send only RIP package of version 2:
ip rip send
version 2
ip rip receive version
version
Set whether the
horizontal split is used for sending RIP massage.
ip rip
split-horizon
no ip
rip split-horizon
none
It differs according
to different medias.
interface configuration state
For any interfaces excluding
those using frame relay or SMDS, horizontal split is enabled under a default
situation. Horizontal split is not enabled under default situation when
interface is configured by using “ encapsulation frame-relay”.
Note: For
network containing X.25 PSN links, router configuration
command “neighbor” will invalidate horizontal split. Or
you can use command “no ip
rip split-horizon” in
configuration. But you do so, you should use the same command “no ip rip split-horizon” for all routers in relevant
multi-program broadcast groups.
If the horizontal split on the
interface is not enabled, use command “ip
rip split-horizon” to enable horizontal split function.
Note: Under common
circumstance, default state of the command “ip rip split-horizon” should not be changed
unless you are sure that your application cannot announce the router properly
without such kind of change. If horizontal split on a serial interface or a
connected grouping exchange network is not enabled, you should prohibit all
relevant routers on the network and horizontal split function to access the
server.
Example:
In this example, horizontal split function on serial link is
prohibited (this link is connected with X.25 network):
interface
serial 1/0
encapsulation
x25
no ip
rip split-horizon
Use command “neighbor”
to define neighboring router to exchange routing information.
Use “no neighbor” to disable
neighboring router.
neighbor ip-address
no
neighbor ip-address
ip-address |
IP address of routers exchanging routing information. |
none
route configuration state
Command “neighbor” designate the
address spotted to transmit. It is mainly designed to meet some special needs
of special non-broadcast network that cannot be transmitted by broadcast
address.
Example:
In the following
example, router configuration command “neighbor” permits
updating RIP and sending it to designated neighbor.
router
rip
neighbor 131.108.20.4
Use command
“network” designate number of connected network for RIP protocol. Use “no network” to disable a
network number.
network network-numbe
no
network network-number
Network-number |
Network IP address of directly connected network. |
|
(Alternative) Network IP address mask of
directly connected network. |
No network is designated..
Route configuration state
Designated network number
cannot contain any sub-network information. You can designate several commands
of “network”. RIP update can only be transmitted and
received on the interfaces on this network.
RIP sends RIP update to
interfaces on designated network. If a network connected to the interface is
not designated, it will not be announced in any RIP update.
In the following example, RIP is defined as routing protocol of the interface
connected with networks 128.99.0.0 and 192.31.7.0.
router
rip
network 128.99.0.0
network 192.31.7.0
Use router configuration command “offset router” to add an offset to (incoming or outgoing) Metric learned through RIP. Use “no offset” to disable adding an offset.
offset {type number | *} {in | out} access-list-name offset
no offset {type number | *} {in | out}
Parameter:
In |
Use access-list for incoming route Metric |
Out |
Use access-list for outgoing route Metric |
access-list-name |
Number or name of standard access-list being used. Access-list number 0 refers to all access-lists. If offset is 0, no action is to be executed. |
Offset |
Positive offset. Used to match route Metric of access-list network. |
Type |
(Alternative) Type of the interface using offset list. |
Number |
(Alternative) Number of the interface using offset list. |
Default:
Invalid state
Command mode:
Route configuration state
Explanation:
Add an offset to route Metric. Offset list with interface type and interface number is extended and has higher priority than the offset list that is not extended. Thus extended offset will be added to route Metric if extended offset list and non-extended offset list are used at the same time.
Example:
In the following example, router adds offset 10 to the route captured from Ethernet interface 1/0.
offset ethernet 1/0 in 21 10
Use global command “router
rip”
to enable RIP routing process. Use “no router rip” to disable RIP routing
process.
router
rip
no
router rip
none
The default setting of the system is not running RIP.
global configuration
mode
RIP
must be enabled and then can enter route configuration state to configure various
global parameters of RIP. Configuring the parameters relevant to interface is
not constrained by switching on/off RIP.
Example:
Enable RIP and enter into route configuration state.
network
(RIP)
Use router configuration
command “timers expire router” adjust timers of RIP network. Use “no timers expire” to reset default timers.
timers
expire interval
no
timers expire
expire |
Interval during which the route is announced invalid is at least 3 times the value of parameter update. If no update of refreshed route comes, the route becomes invalid route and enters into prevent state with being marked inaccessible and unreachable. But this route can still be used for redistributing and grouping. Default value is 180 seconds. |
“expire” is 180
seconds
Route configuration
state
Basic timing parameter
of RIP is adjustable. Because RIP executes a distributed Asynchronous router
arithmetic, it is very important to set the same timing parameter for all
routers and access-servers.
Note: Current or
default timer parameter can be viewed by using command “show ip rip”.
In the following example,
RIP is set. If no information is received from router within 30 seconds, this
route will be announced as not available.
router
rip
timers
expire 30
Use router
configuration command “timers holddown router” to adjust the
timer of RIP network. Use “no timers holddown” to reset
default timer.
timers
holddown second
no
timers holddown
second |
Interval (unit: second).After
receiving update grouping showing the route is unreachable, the route enters
into holddown state and is announced as un reachable.
This route can still be used for redistributing and grouping. As soon as the
“holddown” expires, routes from other resource will
be accepted and fomer routes will be deleted from the routing table. The
default value is 120 seconds. |
holddown is 120 seconds
Command mode:
Route configuration state
Basic timing parameter
of RIP is adjustable. Because RIP executes a distributed Asynchronous router
arithmetic, it is very important to set the same timing parameter for all
routers and access-servers.
Note: Current or
default timer parameter can be viewed by using command “show ip rip”.
In the following
example, RIP is set. If no information is received from router within 30
seconds after the router is announced as not available, this router will be
deleted from routing table.
router
rip
timers holddown 30
Use route
configuration command “timers update router” to adjust timers of RIP
network. Use “no timers update” to reset
default timer.
timers
update update
no
timers update
update |
Basic timing parameter of routers. Designate interval in which route update is sent. Default value is 30 seconds. |
update is 30 senconds
Route configuration state
Basic timing parameter
of RIP is adjustable. Because RIP executes a distributed Asynchronous router
arithmetic, it is very important to set the same timing parameter for all
routers and access-servers.
Note: Current or
default timer parameter can be viewed by using command “show ip rip protocol”.
In the following
example, RIP update is set as broadcast one time every 5 seconds.
router
rip
timers update 5
Note:
Update cycle being set too small may cause congestion of low speed serial link.
But it will be OK on fast Ethernet an serial link with T-1
speed rate. Meanwhile, more routers contained in update may cause that the
routers take more time to deal with update.
Use router configuration command “validate-update-source” to prove the router IP address
sending RIP update. Use “no validate-update-source” to disable this function.
validate-update-source
no
validate-update-source
none
This function is under
active state.
route configuration state
This command is only
used for RIP and IGRP. The software ensures that router IP address sending
router update and a certain network address accepting interface definition.
Disabling horizontal split may
also have the system execute this validating function.
This validating is not executed
for IP interfaces without any number (IP unnumbered).
In the
following example, configuring the router validates
source IP address incoming for RIP updating.
router
rip
network 128.105.0.0
no validate-update-source
Use command “version” to set the version of RIP massage on the interface. Use “no version” to reset the default.
version {1 |
2}
no
version
1 |
Designate the version as RIP-1 |
2 |
Designate the version as RIP-2 |
Receive RIP-1and RIP-2 grouping
according to configuration on each interface. Send only grouping of RIP-1.
route configuration
state
After using command “no version”, available RIP version can be designated on interface
by using commands “ip rip receive version” and “ip rip send version”.
Otherwise RIP massage will be sent and received in terms of global
configuration version.
In the following
example, software sends and receives grouping of RIP-2.
version
2
ip rip receive version
ip rip send version
Set administrative distance
of RIP route.
Distance weight
<address mask <access-list-name>>
weight |
Administrative distance ranges from 1 to 255. Suggested use range is from 10 to 255 (0-9 reserved). If the parameter is used independently, it will inform router system software to use it as default administrative distance. The route with administrative distance of 255 will not be installed in the routing list. |
address |
(Alternative) IP address (form: aa.bb.cc.dd) |
mask |
(Alternative) IP address mask (form: aa.bb.cc.dd). If one digit of it is 0, software will ignore the value of relevant digit in the address. |
access-list-name |
(Alternative) Name of standard access list used for updating incoming routes. |
Default:
120
Supervisor
mode
Administrative
distance is a whole number ranges from 0 to 255. Under general circumstance,
the higher the value, the lower the reliability. If alternative parameter
access list “access-list-name” is used
in the command, this access list will be used when a network route is inserted
into routing table. Thus some networks will be filtered according to route
address providing routing information.
Distance value of route received
from network 192.1.1.0/24 is set as 100.
router
rip
distance 100 192.1.1.0 255.255.255.0
Filtering RIP routes received and
sent.
filter * in access-list {access-list-name}
filter * in gateway {access-list-name}
filter * in prefix { prefix-list-name}
filter type number in access-list {access-list-name}
filter type number in gateway {access-list-name}
filter type number in prefix {prefix-list-name}
no filter * in
no filter type number in
filter * out access-list {access-list-name}
filter * out gateway {access-list-name}
filter * out prefix { prefix-list-name}
filter type number out access-list {access-list-name}
filter type number out gateway {access-list-name}
filter type number out prefix
{prefix-list-name}
no filter * out
no filter type number out
Parameter:
access-list-name |
Name of standard access list. This list defines which network to be received or restrained in route updating. |
prefix-list-name |
Name of standard IP prefix list. This list defines which network to be received or restrained in route update. |
in/out |
Use access list for updating in/out route. |
type |
(Alternative) interface type |
number |
(Alternative) Designate the interface on which to use access list for in/out updating. If no interface is designated, access list will be used for all in/out updating. |
Default:
Sent and received RIP route will
not be filtered.
Supervisor
mode
Filtering sent and
received route. When using access-list to filter routes, please
use standard access-list
Route 10.0.0.0/8 sent from
interface s2/1 is filtered.
router
rip
filter s2/1 out access-list mylist
ip
access-list standard mylist
deny 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0
Configure the maximum routing number for the RIP
local routing list, and “no maximum-count” will resume to the default.
maximum-count number
no maximum-count
Parameter:
number |
Maximum routing number to set. The range is 512~4096. |
1024
Router configuration mode
Maximum-count
can set the maximum routing number in the RIP local routing list. When the
routing number exceeds the maximum specified in the routing list, the routing
will no longer be added to the routing list.
In
the following example, the maximum routing number in the RIP local routing list
is 2000.
router rip
maximum-count 2000
none
Show main information
of RIP.
show ip rip
none
none
Supervisor mode
The user can view configuration situation of current RIP according
to this command output information.
Show configuration
parameter information of RIP.
router#show ip
rip
RIP protocol: Enabled
Decided on the interface version control
AUTO-SUMMARY:
Yes
Update: 30,
Expire: 180, Holddown: 120
Distance: 120
default-metric: 1
Meanings of the above
areas are as the follows:
Area |
Description |
Enabled
|
State
of protocol |
Distance
|
Currant
administrative distance |
Version
|
Version
used by current protocol |
AUTO-SUMMARY
|
Auto-summary
or not |
Update
|
Interval
for sending update massage |
Holddown
|
Time
for keeping routes |
Expire
|
Time
for route aging |
RIP
default-metric |
Default
cost used for redistribute |
Show all RIP route information.
show ip rip database
none
none
Supervisor
mode
The user can view all RIP routing
information according to this command output information.
Show all RIP routing information.
router#show ip
rip database
1.1.1.0/24
directly connected
Loopback1
100.0.0.0/8 via
192.1.1.2 00:00:02
192.1.1.0/24
directly connected
Serial2/1
192.1.1.0/24
auto-summary
Meanings of the above areas are as the
follows.
Area |
Description
|
Network-number/network-mask |
RIP
route |
Summary/connected/via gateway |
Corresponding
RIP router type |
interface |
RIP
interface corresponding to summary and directly route |
time |
Refreshed
time |
Show RIP protocol configuration
information.
show ip rip protocol
none
none
Supervisor
mode
Users can view current RIP
protocol configuration information according to command output information.
Show RIP protocol configuration
information
router#show ip
rip protocol
Sending updates every 30 seconds, next due
in 30 seconds
Invalid after 180 seconds, holddown 120
update filter list for all interfaces
is:
update offset list for all interfaces
is:
Redistributing:
redistribute connect
Default version control: send version 1,
receive version 1 2
Interface Send
Recv
Async0/0 1
1 2
FastEthernet0/0 1
1 2
Serial1/0 1
1 2
Ethernet1/1 1 1 2
Serial2/0 1
1 2
Serial2/1 1
1 2
Loopback1 1
1 2
Automatic network summarization is in
effect
Routing for Networks:
174.168.0.0/16
Distance: 120 (default is 120)
Trace route events of RIP.
debug ip rip database
none
none
Supervisor
mode
Users can view some events of
current RIP route according to the command output information.
Trace some events of RIP route.
router# debug ip rip database
Meanings of the above areas are as the
follows:
Area |
Description
|
Summary
|
Type
of routes joining in routing table |
192.1.1.0/24
|
Routes
joining in routing table |
<metric 0> |
Route
metric value |
Trace massage of RIP
debug ip rip protocol
none
none
Supervisor
mode
Users can view the content of
massage received and sent by current RIP according to this command output
information.
Trace massage of RIP
router# debug ip rip protocol
RIP: send to
255.255.255.255 via Loopback1
vers 1, CMD_RESPONSE,
length 24
192.1.1.0/0 via 0.0.0.0
metric 1.
When it is run under version 2,
the following output will be available:
RIP: send to
255.255.255.255 via Loopback1
vers 2, CMD_RESPONSE,
length 24
192.1.1.0/24 via 0.0.0.0
metric 1
Meanings of the above areas are as the
follows:
Area |
Description
|
Send/Recv
|
Means
sent or received massage |
To
255.255.255.255 |
Destination
address of IP massage |
Via
Loopback1 |
Interface
receiving or sending massage |
Vers
2 |
Version
number of sent or received massage |
CMD_RESPONSE/
CMD_REQUEST |
Massage
type |
length
24 |
Massage
length |
192.1.1.0/24
|
Destination
network in routing information |
via
0.0.0.0 |
Next-hop
information |
metric
|
Cost
of route |